38TH ANNUAL CONVENTION

The Pakistan Society of Sugar Technologists

Held on 25th & 26th August,2003 at Hotel Pearl Continental, Rawalpindi

THE ROLE OF AC DRIVES IN SUGAR MILL

Abdul Rauf (Electrical Engineer) Punjab Sugar Mills Limited

FUTURE ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES & OPPORTUNITIES FOR SUGAR SECTOR

Azher Uddin Khan

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAM FOR SUGAR INDUSTRY

M. Rafi Ghaus

ENHANCEMENT OF CRUSHING RATE BY IMPROVING VAPOUR BLEEDING SYSTEM AT EVAPORATORS

Muhammad Ilyas Shah, Chief Chemist , Phalia Sugar Mills Ltd.

ACCLIMATIZATION OF BRAZILIAN ORIGIN SUGARCANE CLONES IN ADVANCE NURSERY STAGE UNDER FAISALABAD AGRO-CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

Muhammad Zafar, Muhammad Akram, Dr. Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Sarwar & Dr. Arshad Ali Chattha, Sugarcane Research Institute , Faisalabad.

INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT OF SUGARCANE WHITEFLY ALEUROLOBUS BARODENSIS (MASKELL) THROUGH CONSERVATION, AUGMENTATION AND REDISTRIBUTION OF NATURAL ENEMIES IN THE ABDULLAH SUGAR MILLS AREA

M.A. Qureshi, A.A.Shah and A.I.Mohyuddin, Eco-Conservation Initiative, Islamabad.

TESTING OF PROMISING SUGARCANE VARIETIES UNDER AGRO-CLIMATIC CONDITION OF PHALIA AREA DISTRICT MANDI BAHAUDDIN

Ch. Muhammad Fazil, Rana Muhammad Asghar Khan, Dr. Arshad Ali Chattha and Dr. Muhammad Afzal, Phalia Sugar Mills, Phalia.

MASHROOM SPREAD OF UNWANTED SUGARCANE VARIETIES AND THEIR REPERCUSSIONS

Ch. Muhammad Fazil, Rana Muhammad Asghar Khan, Phalia Sugar Mills, Phalia.

STEAM TURBINE ENGINEERING ASPECTS

Muhammad Sarfraz Khan, Matiari Sugar Mills Ltd. Sindh.

EVALUATION OF PROMISING CANE VARIETIES DURING SPRING IN CENTRAL PUNJAB

Dr. Arshad Ali Chattha , Dr. Muhammad Afzal , Muhammad Sarwar, Abdul Jabbar & Muhammad Awaz Iqbal. Sugarcane Research Institute , Faisalabad.

STUDY OF INTER- CROPPING SUNFLOWER IN SPRING PLANTED SUGARCANE

Dr. Muhammad Afzal, Dr. Arshad Ali Chattha, Muhammad Zafar, Muhammad Awaz Iqbal and Adbul Jabbar, Sugarcane Research Institute , Faisalabad.

GENOTYPIC RESPONSE OF SUGARCANE TO DELAYING FIRST IRRIGATION AFTER SOWING

Muhammad Aslam, Muhammad Anwar Javed, Sugarcane Research Station, Khanpur and Dr. Arshad Ali Chattha ,Sugarcane Research Institute, Faisalabad. 

VARIABILITY STUDIES IN SUGARCANE SOMACLONES OF HS-185

Muhammad Tasdiq Hussain Shahid. Muhammad Aslam Javed, Sjid-ur- Rehman , Makhdoom Hussain and Javed Ahmed, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute , Aari Faisalabad.

CONTROL MEASURE FOR SUGARCANE WHIP SMUT(USTILLAGO SCITAMINEA SYD)

Muhammad Shafique Anwar, H.M. Walayat Ali Khan, Dr. Arshad Chattha, Dr. Muhammad  Afzal, Sugarcane Research Institute , Faisalabad.

QUALITY CONTROL IN THE COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION OF TRICHO CARDS

Kambiz Aslam Khan & Dr. Muhammad  Munir Alam, Institute of Sugarcane Research & Biological Control, Husein Sugar Mills Ltd. Jaranwala.

HOT PURSUIT FOR QUALITY SUGAR

Muhammad Rahat Saeed & Muhammad  Mohsin, The Thal Industrial Limited ( Layyah Sugar Mills, Layyah)

THE USE OF CHRSOPHERLA CARNEA (STEPHENS) IN CONTROLLING THE SUGARCANE WHITEFLY

Kambiz Aslam Khan & Dr. Muhammad  Munir Aslam, Institute of Sugarcane Research & Biological Contro;, Husein Sugarcane Mills Ltd. , Jaranwala

EMERGENCE OF VAPOUR CELL SYSTEM IN PAKISTAN SUGAR INDUSTRY

Fazlur Rehman & Muhammad Rahat Saeed, The Thal Industrries Corporation Limited (Layyah Sugar Mills, Layyah)

FIELD IDENTIFICATION OF SUGARCANE BORERS

Kambiz Aslam Khan & Dr. Muhammad Munir Aslam, Institute of Sugarcane Research & Biological Contro;, Husein Sugarcane Mills Ltd. , Jaranwala  

 PESTICIDES INDUSTRY.

Present status of pesticide industry.

Presently , the basic manufacturing facilities for pesticides do not exist in the country. However there were two manufacturing units for the productions of Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloro Ethane (DDT) and Benzene Hexa  Chloride (BHC) in Pakistan ,located at Kala Shah Kaku (Punjab) and Nowshera (NWFP). The total installed capacity of these two units for DDT and BHC were 2,020 and 2,310 MTPY respectively. These units are closed for last many years because both pesticides have been banned for use in Pakistan. Generally , chlorine containing pesticides have been banned in the world.

Pesticides used at present are either organic or inorganic in nature. Organic group contains natural plants oils, nicotine and pakerthsun as natural pesticides. It also contains synthetic pesticides as compound of chlorine like DDT ,BHC and endrin ,aldrine, dialdrine, heptachlor , etc. Twenty four (24) pesticides including above compounds have been banned in Pakistan because they were hazardous to human health and environment.

Since pesticides were subsidized ,their imports remained under government control till 1979 when 75% share was passed to private sector while remaining 25% was retained by the government. However, since February 1985 ,all subsidies were withdrawn and private sector was fully made responsible for imports, distribution and sales of pesticides throughout Pakistan except Baluchistan . Pesticides were allowed to be imported under generic names from 1991. This resulted in several times year 2000, the local formulation exceeded the imported pesticides.

Production Capacity

Presently ,the installed capacity for the formulation of various types of pesticides is more than the local requirement. There are about 40 companies involved in the formulation of pesticides. The local formulation products include liquid pesticides, powder and granules and contribute 67% in the local market. Most of the raw material for the formulation including active ingredients and pesticides in finished form are being imported. The sector growth rate is 3%.

Imports of Pesticides

Liquid pesticides account for 95% of the total consumption. Remaining 5% are powder ,dust for granules. Insecticides account for 88%, herbicides 11% and fungicides 1% for the total pesticides used for plant protection. Additional quantities of the pesticides are used for public health and household.

Future Prospects.

This sector lacks production of base chemicals. A few ingredients can be produced in Pakistan especially base chemical used in the production of pesticides for the cotton crop. Around US $ 1.0 billion (Rs 60 billion) is spent on the cotton crop and other crop every year from sowing to harvesting. The share of plant protection for the cotton crop is 33% or US $ .33 billion. This shows the importance and need for local pesticides industry.